Greece was brought to a standstill this week as unions staged a 24-hour general strike in protest against new labour laws that would allow employees to work up to 13 hours a day. The mass action, which disrupted transport, healthcare, education, and shipping, highlighted growing tensions between the government’s pro-business reforms and workers who argue that their rights, pay, and well-being are being eroded in a country already struggling with long working hours and low wages.

Scope and Strategic Framework

Prime Minister Kyriakos Mitsotakis’ centre-right government has positioned the labour law as part of a broader plan to modernize the job market and give employees greater flexibility. The measure would extend maximum working hours by up to five hours per day, with the government insisting it will only apply in “exceptional” cases. Officials argue the policy could benefit young Greeks, many of whom juggle multiple part-time jobs, by allowing them to work longer for a single employer.

Yet critics see the law as a direct assault on worker protections. Greece already ranks among the highest in Europe for weekly working hours, averaging 39.8 compared with the EU average of 35.8, according to Eurostat. Labour unions argue that adding even more hours risks worsening burnout, increasing workplace accidents, and undermining productivity while doing little to address stagnant wages or soaring living costs.

READ MORE: Asahi to Source Barley with Verified ESG Data from Australian Growers

Economic and Social Impact

The protests underscore the broader economic pressures facing Greek workers. Despite recovering from a decade-long debt crisis that shrank the economy by more than a quarter, wage growth has lagged behind most EU peers. The minimum wage now stands at €880 per month, among the lowest in Europe, even as inflation has driven up the cost of essentials from food to heating.

Workers say the imbalance is untenable. “Greeks are already forced to survive on some of the lowest wages in Europe and now they’re asking us to effectively work most of the day,” said trade unionist Makis Kontogiorgos, warning that continued pressure could spark “an explosion.” For many, the fear is not only exhaustion but exploitation, with employees in weaker bargaining positions forced into longer hours without adequate compensation or safeguards.

Governance and Labour Rights

The clash reflects a broader ideological battle over the future of Greece’s labour market. Since taking office in 2019, Mitsotakis has pledged to make the system more competitive by curbing union power and loosening collective agreements. Last year, his government drew criticism for introducing a voluntary six-day work week in certain sectors such as tourism, which unions condemned as “barbaric.”

The new 13-hour day proposal has amplified those concerns, with Pame, a union affiliated with the Communist Party, describing it as a form of “modern slavery.” Labour experts have echoed the unions, citing research that shows excessive working hours often harm, rather than help, productivity. Instead of increasing output, extended shifts tend to reduce efficiency, diminish service quality, and drive long-term health costs.

Public Response and Social Tensions

On Wednesday, the strike left Athens and Thessaloniki without public transport, grounded ferries in the capital’s ports, and emptied classrooms and hospitals as teachers, doctors, and civil servants joined the walkout. The sight of silent city streets and shuttered services marked one of the strongest displays of labour solidarity in recent years.

For many demonstrators, the strike was not only about opposing the 13-hour law but also about demanding dignity in a society where wages lag and state benefits are often a lifeline. “While the rest of Europe talks about a shorter working week, in Greece, in the 21st century, it’s all about longer hours and wages that don’t reflect the cost of living,” said manufacturing employee Katerina Andritsopoulou. “We’re here because many vulnerable people won’t be able to negotiate with employers once laws like this are passed.”

Explore OneStop ESG Marketplace: Regulation and Compliance

Future Outlook

The government is expected to push the bill through parliament later this month, though the scale of the strike raises questions about its political cost. For Greece, the debate is not just about hours worked but about the kind of economic recovery the country seeks: one rooted in labour flexibility and competitiveness, or one that balances growth with worker protections and quality of life.

With the rest of Europe experimenting with four-day weeks and shorter working hours, Greece’s path toward longer workdays sets it apart—and could determine whether its post-crisis recovery strengthens resilience or deepens social divides.

Explore ESG Solutions on our marketplace - OneStop ESG Marketplace.

Keep abreast of the top ESG Events on OneStop ESG Events.

OneStop ESG Educate: Your go-to source for top ESG courses and training programs tailored to your needs.

Stay informed with the latest insights on OneStop ESG News.

Discover meaningful career opportunities on OneStop ESG Jobs.