Nuclear power’s getting a high-tech upgrade! TerraPower, backed by Bill Gates, just raised $650 million, with Nvidia’s venture arm NVentures joining the party alongside Gates and HD Hyundai. The cash is fueling the U.S.’s first commercial advanced nuclear plant, a Natrium reactor in Wyoming that pairs a sodium-cooled system with massive energy storage. With AI data centers guzzling power—think 10% of U.S. electricity by 2030—can TerraPower’s clean, flexible energy spark a nuclear renaissance, or will regulatory and fuel hurdles slow the roll?

The Mega Funding

TerraPower’s $650 million haul, led by NVentures, Gates, and shipbuilding giant HD Hyundai, is a shot in the arm for its Natrium project. Founded by Gates, the company’s building a 345-megawatt reactor in Kemmerer, Wyoming, on a retiring coal plant site. The Natrium design, developed with GE Hitachi, uses liquid sodium coolant and a molten salt storage system that can ramp up to 500 megawatts for over five hours, syncing with wind and solar. Non-nuclear construction’s underway, with nuclear regulatory approval expected soon.

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Why It’s a Power Move?

Data centers for AI, like those run by Google, Meta, and Amazon, are set to eat 130 gigawatts globally, emitting 500 million tonnes of CO2 yearly. Natrium’s carbon-free power could cut that by 10%, supplying 400,000 homes or a small city. Its sodium coolant slashes costs—half that of water-cooled plants at $4 billion total—while producing 66% less waste. The storage system makes it a grid stabilizer, unlike intermittent renewables.

Nvidia’s Mohamed Siddeek says nuclear’s “vital” for AI, and Chris Levesque calls it a “global game-changer.”

How It Works?

• Natrium Tech: A 345-MW sodium-cooled fast reactor stores heat in molten salt, boosting to 500 MW on demand, with 1 GWh storage.

• Build: Non-nuclear work (turbines, steam systems) is ongoing; nuclear construction starts post-approval, targeting $1 billion for future plants.

• Fuel: Uses high-assay low-enriched uranium (HALEU), with ASP Isotopes stepping in after Russian supply cuts, securing 20 kg already.

• Impact: Creates 2,000 construction jobs in Wyoming and 250 permanent roles, revitalizing a coal town.

The plant’s $4 billion cost splits 50/50 between TerraPower and the U.S. Department of Energy’s $2 billion grant.

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The Roadblocks

Natrium’s not a done deal. HALEU fuel supply’s shaky—Russia’s exit left a gap, and U.S. production’s nascent, risking $100 million delays. Regulatory approval, while on track, faces scrutiny; 20% of past nuclear projects stalled here. Public pushback—30% of Wyoming locals worry about safety, per polls—could spark protests like 500 at a 2023 hearing. Costs could balloon if licensing drags, as seen with Georgia’s $35 billion Vogtle plant.

What’s Next?

TerraPower eyes commercial operation by 2030, with plans for five more U.S. reactors by 2035, adding 2 gigawatts. Talks with the UAE could yield $10 billion in exports for hundreds of reactors. Federal support, via Trump’s executive orders, and Europe’s €240 billion nuclear roadmap signal a $736 million global funding surge for advanced nuclear.

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