As digitalisation accelerates and climate pressures intensify, cooperation between China and countries across Latin America and the Caribbean is increasingly centred on the convergence of artificial intelligence and green energy. This collaboration is emerging as a strategic pathway to support economic development, improve energy efficiency and advance climate goals on both sides.

By integrating AI capabilities with renewable energy systems, China and LAC economies are seeking to leverage complementary strengths. China brings scale, technological maturity and applied AI expertise, while Latin America and the Caribbean offer abundant renewable resources and growing demand for modernised energy systems.

AI as an Enabler of Renewable Energy Systems

Artificial intelligence is playing a growing role in improving how renewable energy is produced, managed and distributed. In China, AI has already been deployed across smart grids, energy storage systems and electric transport networks, enabling real-time monitoring, predictive maintenance and dynamic load balancing.

When applied to renewable-rich LAC countries, these technologies can address long-standing challenges associated with variable energy generation. Wind- and solar-heavy systems often struggle with intermittency and grid stability. AI-driven forecasting and automated dispatch can smooth fluctuations, reduce curtailment and improve the overall reliability of power systems.

For countries such as Brazil and Chile, where wind and solar capacity continues to expand, intelligent grid management offers a way to increase renewable penetration without compromising system resilience.

Read more: How NVIDIA Is Rewriting Weather and Climate Forecasting With Open AI

Complementary Strengths Shape a Strategic Partnership

China’s experience in AI-driven energy management, smart cities and low-carbon transport provides technical depth that many LAC countries are still developing. At the same time, Latin America and the Caribbean possess some of the world’s most favourable conditions for renewable energy generation, including hydropower, solar irradiation and onshore wind potential.

This complementarity creates a mutually beneficial dynamic. AI solutions developed and refined in China can be deployed at scale in LAC markets, improving energy efficiency and reducing emissions. In return, LAC countries offer real-world deployment environments and long-term demand that support further technological iteration and commercialisation.

Beyond power generation, AI-enabled systems are also supporting electric mobility. Data-driven planning for charging infrastructure can optimise location, usage and grid integration, strengthening the business case for electric vehicles and accelerating the transition to low-carbon transport.

Policy Frameworks Supporting Technology and Energy Collaboration

Technology cooperation is being reinforced by policy alignment. China’s Belt and Road Initiative and Digital Silk Road Initiative provide an institutional framework for cross-border collaboration in digital infrastructure, clean energy investment and industrial development.

Several LAC governments are also strengthening domestic policy support for renewable energy and digital transformation. Countries including Brazil and Argentina have introduced incentives for renewable power deployment, smart grid development and electric vehicle adoption. These policy signals help reduce investment risk and create clearer pathways for technology transfer and joint ventures.

Improved policy coordination between China and LAC countries is also expanding access to green finance. Alignment on project standards, financing mechanisms and development priorities is enabling capital to flow more efficiently into AI-enabled clean energy projects.

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Structural Challenges Remain

Despite strong potential, structural challenges continue to shape the pace and scale of cooperation. Gaps in technical capacity and skilled labour remain significant in parts of Latin America and the Caribbean, particularly in advanced AI development and energy system integration. Addressing these gaps will require sustained investment in training, education and knowledge exchange.

Regulatory differences also pose challenges. Divergent standards for data governance, technology certification and energy market regulation can slow deployment and increase project complexity. Cultural and institutional differences may further complicate coordination, particularly in cross-border data sharing and digital infrastructure development.

To overcome these barriers, both sides are increasingly focused on joint research initiatives, talent exchange programmes and public-private partnerships that embed technology transfer into long-term cooperation rather than one-off projects.

Outlook for China–LAC Cooperation in AI and Green Energy

Looking ahead, collaboration between China and Latin America and the Caribbean is likely to deepen as climate commitments tighten and digital infrastructure becomes central to energy transition strategies. AI-enabled renewable systems offer a pathway to scale clean energy faster while improving system performance and economic returns.

By combining China’s applied technology capabilities with LAC’s renewable resource base, the partnership has the potential to contribute meaningfully to global climate objectives and sustainable development goals. Success will depend on continued policy alignment, investment in human capital and practical mechanisms that translate technological potential into operational outcomes.

As both regions navigate energy transition and digital transformation simultaneously, AI and green energy cooperation is becoming less a niche opportunity and more a central pillar of long-term economic and environmental strategy.

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