On May 28, 2025, San Francisco-based climate tech firm Watershed launched an open, free version of its Comprehensive Environmental Data Archive (CEDA), a global emissions database covering 148 countries, 400 industries, and 95% of global GDP. Acquired through Watershed’s 2023 purchase of VitalMetrics, CEDA aims to address the lack of reliable sustainability data, which has led 75% of companies reporting to CDP in 2023 to use skewed datasets misrepresenting their operations’ geographic spread. By providing accurate emissions factors, CEDA enables organizations to make informed decarbonization decisions, with partners like Amazon’s Sustainability Exchange integrating the tool to broaden access. As regulatory pressures mount, can CEDA drive a new era of climate action, or will adoption lag among smaller firms?

What CEDA Offers

CEDA, built on 20 years of VitalMetrics’ data, provides granular emissions factors for Scope 1, 2, and 3 emissions, tailored by country and industry. Key features include:

• Coverage: Tracks 1.2 billion tons of CO2e across sectors like manufacturing (30% of emissions), energy (25%), and agriculture (15%), spanning 95% of global GDP ($100 trillion in 2024).

• Accuracy: Corrects for geographic bias, e.g., adjusting U.S.-centric datasets for firms operating in Asia, where emissions factors can differ by 50% (e.g., coal-heavy grids in India vs. EU renewables).

• Accessibility: Free access via Watershed’s platform, with APIs for integration into tools like Amazon’s Sustainability Data Initiative (ASDI).

• Updates: Quarterly refreshes align with evolving standards like CSRD and ISSB, ensuring compliance with 2025 mandates.

“Better data means better decisions,” said Watershed co-founder Christian Anderson. “CEDA harmonizes measurement, accelerating the climate-informed economy.”

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Why It Matters

Accurate emissions data is critical for decarbonization. In 2023, 75% of 18,000 CDP-reporting firms used outdated or biased datasets, underestimating emissions by 20-30%, per CDP audits. This skews net-zero plans, risking $1 trillion in misallocated investments by 2030, per McKinsey. CEDA’s launch aligns with:

• Regulatory Push: EU’s CSRD mandates 50,000 firms to report emissions by 2026, with fines up to €10 million. U.S. SEC rules, effective 2025, require Scope 1 and 2 disclosures for 7,000 companies.

• Corporate Demand: 60% of Fortune 500 firms aim for net zero by 2050, needing precise data to track 4.5 Gt CO2e in supply chains, per SBTi.

• Equity: Free access helps SMEs, which represent 90% of global businesses but lack $50,000-$200,000 for proprietary data, per PwC.

Amazon’s Michelle Jolly noted, “CEDA reduces barriers, enabling all firms to act on climate.” The Exchange’s integration amplifies reach, serving 10,000+ users.

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Strategic Context

CEDA complements climate tech trends:

• Snam’s $2B SLB: Ties financing to Scope 3 cuts, reliant on accurate supplier data.

• BlackRock’s CCUS Stake: Supports carbon capture, needing emissions baselines.

• WTTC’s ESG Tracker: Aids tourism’s compliance, where 80% of firms are SMEs.

Watershed’s 400+ clients, including Airbnb and Carlyle, reduced 10 million tons of CO2e in 2024, showing data’s impact. CEDA’s open model could reach 100,000 firms by 2027, per Watershed projections.

Challenges and Risks

• Adoption: Only 15% of SMEs use emissions tools, per Oliver Wyman, due to limited expertise. Training costs ($5,000-$20,000/firm) may hinder uptake.

• Data Gaps: CEDA’s 95% GDP coverage misses informal economies (10% of global output), critical in Africa and South Asia.

• Verification: Self-reported data risks errors; 20% of CDP submissions in 2023 had inaccuracies, per auditors.

• Policy Risks: Trump’s 2025 deregulation, as seen in $1.5B Army Corps cuts, may weaken U.S. mandates, slowing global alignment.

What’s Next?

Watershed plans to expand CEDA’s coverage to 99% of GDP by 2026, adding 20 countries and 100 industries, including niche sectors like textiles (5% of emissions). A 2025 partnership with CDP will integrate CEDA into 20,000 firms’ reporting. Amazon’s ASDI aims to onboard 5,000 SMEs by 2027, offering free training.

Global emissions data markets, valued at $2 billion in 2024, could hit $10 billion by 2030, per BloombergNEF. CEDA’s free model may disrupt proprietary providers like S&P Global, forcing price cuts.

“CEDA is about democratizing climate action,” Anderson said.

As regulations tighten and emissions hit 36 Gt CO2e in 2024, CEDA could reshape decarbonization. Will it empower all firms, or leave smaller players behind?

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