A growing share of the global economy is demonstrating that economic expansion and carbon emissions no longer need to move in lockstep, according to a new report from Energy and Climate Intelligence Unit. The analysis finds that 92 percent of global GDP now comes from economies that have decoupled growth from emissions, marking a significant shift since the Paris Agreement was adopted a decade ago.

The report, 10 Years Post-Paris: How Emissions Decoupling Has Progressed Globally, examines emissions and economic data from 113 countries, representing more than 97 percent of global GDP and 93 percent of emissions. It concludes that decoupling has moved from being an exception to becoming the dominant global trend.

Decoupling Becomes the Global Norm

Decoupling refers to the separation of economic growth from greenhouse gas emissions. The ECIU distinguishes between absolute decoupling, where emissions fall while the economy grows, and relative decoupling, where emissions continue to rise but at a slower pace than economic output.

The report shows that 43 countries have now achieved absolute decoupling, up from 32 in the years immediately following the Paris Agreement. Between 2015 and 2023, economies accounting for 46 percent of global GDP reduced emissions while continuing to grow, compared with 38 percent before Paris. Overall, 89 percent of global emissions are now generated in economies that have decoupled either absolutely or relatively, a sharp rise from 77 percent a decade ago.

According to the ECIU, this shift directly challenges the long-standing assumption that emissions reductions inevitably constrain economic growth.

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Energy Systems Drive Structural Change

The report attributes much of this progress to structural changes in energy systems. Rapid deployment of renewable power, improvements in grid efficiency, declining reliance on fossil fuels, and wider adoption of low-carbon technologies have enabled economies to generate more output with less energy and fewer emissions.

Many countries are now producing significantly higher economic value per unit of energy consumed, reflecting gains in efficiency alongside cleaner power generation. The ECIU notes that these trends demonstrate how climate policy, energy security, and economic competitiveness are becoming increasingly aligned rather than contradictory.

Implications for Energy Companies and Investors

For energy producers, utilities, and industrial companies, the findings underline that decarbonisation is no longer separate from growth strategy. The report highlights that economies which have embraced clean energy and efficiency measures are better positioned to sustain growth in a net-zero-constrained global market.

As the Paris Agreement reaches its tenth anniversary, the analysis reinforces that investment decisions aligned with the 1.5°C pathway are increasingly tied to long-term competitiveness, rather than being driven solely by regulation or reputational concerns.

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The Next Phase of the Transition

While the ECIU emphasises the scale of progress made, it also warns that achieving net zero will require emissions to decline consistently and at a faster pace in the coming decade. This will depend on accelerating clean energy deployment, strengthening grids, and scaling financial mechanisms that support low-carbon infrastructure, particularly in developing economies.

The report concludes that decoupling is no longer a theoretical concept but a measurable global reality. The challenge ahead is ensuring that the shift from relative to absolute decoupling accelerates across more economies, translating economic momentum into sustained emissions reductions at the scale required to meet global climate goals.

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